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Potential, Current Status, and Renewable Energy in Energy Sector of Palestine: A Review
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Palestine faces a critical energy challenge marked by over 94% dependence on imported electricity and fuels alongside rapid demand growth and territorial restrictions. This review synthesizes 50 academic, policy, and institutional sources (2015–2025) on renewable energy (RE) in Palestine, with focus on solar, wind, and biogas. Despite policy frameworks such as Law No. 14/2015, installed PV capacity reached only ~199 MW by 2023, contributing less than 2% of total primary energy, while grid losses remain ~22–24%. A structured synthesis links technical, regulatory, financial, and land-use constraints into an integrated policy map. Comparative benchmarking with Jordan and Morocco highlights transferable mechanisms (open grid access, competitive tenders, PPAs) that could accelerate adoption. The study concludes with policy-ready recommendations: grid modernization, concessional financing, streamlined permitting, and public engagement to support a coherent RE transition toward 2030 and beyond.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Supporting Institution
none
Ethical Statement
this study does not require ethical approval
Thanks
the author would like to thank the reviewers and the editorial board for their valuable feedback
References
- [1] Ember. (2024). World passes 30% renewable electricity milestone. Retrieved from: https://ember-energy.org/latest-updates/world-passes-30-renewable-electricity-milestone/
- [2] International Energy Agency. (2023). World energy outlook 2023. Paris, France: IEA. Retrieved from: https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2023
- [3] World Bank. (2008). West Bank and Gaza energy sector review. Washington, DC: World Bank. Retrieved from: https://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/731521468137110533/pdf/396950GZ0Energ1white0cover01PUBLIC1.pdf
- [4] Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. (2025). Energy statistics portal. Retrieved from: https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/site/lang__ar/886/Default.aspx
- [5] Medener, Rcreee. (2020). Country report on energy efficiency and renewable energy investment climate – Palestinian territories. Brussels/Cairo: Authors. Retrieved from: https://south.euneighbours.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/A31_PalestineClimate_FINAL-3.pdf
- [6] Ersoy, S.R., Terrapon-Pfaff, J., Brik, I. (2022). Sustainable transformation of the energy system in Palestine. Ramallah: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. Retrieved from: https://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/fespal/19430-20230313.pdf
- [7] Palestine Portal. (2023). Maps: Area C / Jordan Valley. Retrieved from: https://www.palestineportal.org/learn-teach/israelpalestine-the-basics/maps/maps-area-cjordan-valley/
- [8] Abboushi, N., Alsamamra, H. (2021). Achievements and barriers of renewable energy in Palestine. Renewable Energy, 177, 369–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.05.114
Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Renewable Energy Resources
Journal Section
Review
Authors
Tala Hattab
*
0009-0001-3860-8164
Palestine
Early Pub Date
December 16, 2025
Publication Date
December 24, 2025
Submission Date
June 2, 2025
Acceptance Date
September 26, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 9 Number: 2








