AISI 1050 ve D2 Soğuk İş Takım Çeliği Malzeme Üzerine Açılmış Deliklere Uygulanan Ezme İşleminin Yüzey Özelliklerine Etkisi
Öz
Ezme yöntemi işlenen yüzeyin; sertlik, pürüzlülük, aşınma dayanımı, geometrik tolerans vb. özelliklerini geliştirmesi, daha iyi bir yüzey kalitesi sunması ve kolay uygulanabilmesi sebebiyle diğer bitirme işlemlerine oranla daha çok tercih edilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada; makine imalat sanayinde bazı uygulamalarda birbirlerinin yerine tercih edildiği bilinen AISI 1050 Orta Karbonlu Çelik (karbon çelikleri için referans malzeme olarak kabul edilen) ve D2 Soğuk İş Takım Çeliği malzemeleri tercih edilmiştir. Deney numuneleri Ø50X30mm ölçülerinde silindirik malzemeye Ø20 mm delik delindikten sonra ezme işlemi uygulanarak hazırlanmıştır. Belirtilen işlemler Taksan-TTC-630 CNC torna tezgâhında kesme sıvısı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tornalama işlemi için kesme hızı 60 m/dak ve ilerleme hızı 0,25 mm/devir seçilmiştir. Ezme işlemi delme sonrası tek paso olacak şekilde uygulanmıştır. Ezilme işlemi ile elde edilen yüzey üzerinden mikro sertlik, yüzey morfolojisi, dairesellik, silindiriklik ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü gibi özellikleri tespit edebilmek için ölçümler yapılmış, görüntüler alınmıştır. Ezme işlemi sonrasında AISI 1050 ve D2 soğuk iş takım çeliği malzemelerinin sertliklerinin sırasıyla yaklaşık olarak % 26 ve %14 artarak yaklaşık olarak 292 ve 302 HV değerine ulaştığı görülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlar ezme işleminin; AISI 1050 çeliğinin sertlik değerini D2 çeliğinin sertlik değerinden oransal olarak daha fazla arttırdığını göstermiştir. Ezme işlemi ile her iki malzeme türü için de yüzey pürüzlülük değerlerinin azaldığı ve yüzey kalitesinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak AISI 1050 malzemenin ezme sonrası yüzey pürüzlüğünün çok daha düştüğü görülmüş olup bunun da D2 kalıp çeliğine oranla daha yumuşak yapıda olduğu bunun sonucunda da ezme işlemi ile daha pürüzsüz yüzeye ulaşıldığı sonucuna varılmıştır. İşlem sonrası delik yüzeylerinin dairesellik ve silindiriklik özelliklerinin iyileştiği tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde ezme işleminin özellikle bir birleri ile temas halinde çalışan makine elemanlarının verimliliğini arttırdığı, yorulma ömürlerini uzattığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ezme işlemi AISI 1050 yüzey pürüzlülüğü mikroyapı mikrosertlik dairesellik silindiriklik
Kaynakça
- O. Bataineh, "Effect of roller burnishing on the surface roughness and hardness of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy using ANOVA," International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 565-569, 2019. doi:18178/ijmerr.8.4.565-569
- T.-T. Nguyen and X.-B. Le, "Optimization of interior roller burnishing process for improving surface quality," Materials and Manufacturing Processes, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 1233-1241, 2018. doi:10.1080/10426914.2018.1453159
- T. Zhang, N. Bugtai, and I. D. Marinescu, "Burnishing of aerospace alloy: a theoretical–experimental approach," Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 37, pp. 472-478, 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jmsy.2014.11.004
- G. Duncheva, J. Maximov, A. Anchev, V. Dunchev, T. Atanasov, and J. Capek, "Finite element and experimental study of the residual stresses in 2024-T3 Al alloy treated via single toroidal roller burnishing," Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, vol. 43, pp. 1-11, 2021. doi:10.1007/s40430-020-02775-8
- T. Mohamed, H. Hamid, A. Salah, and B. Salim, "Effect of roller burnishing parameters on roughness surface and hardness of unalloyed S 355 J0 steel by using response surface methodology," Manufacturing Technology, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 602-610, 2017.
- H. Koçak, "Al 6013 ve MS 58 malzemelere delik içi ezerek parlatma işlemi uygulanmasıyla yüzeysel özelliklerin iyileştirilmesi," Gazi University Journal of Science Part C: Design and Technology, cilt 8, sayı 4, ss. 972-980, 2020. doi: 10.29109/gujsc.821576
- A. M. Hassan and A. S. Al-Bsharat, "Influence of burnishing process on surface roughness, hardness, and microstructure of some non-ferrous metals," Wear, vol. 199, no. 1, pp. 1-8, 1996. doi:10.1016/0043-1648(95)06847-3
- A. Akkurt ve İ. Ovali, "Ezme ve Geleneksel Bitirme İşlemlerinin Al 6061 Alüminyum Alaşımı Parçaların Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Daireselliği Üzerine Etkisi," Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, cilt 15, sayı 3, 2009.
- E. Malyer, "Ezerek parlatma yapılan AA7075-T6 alüminyum alaşımında meydana gelen kalıntı gerilmelerin incelenmesi," Politeknik Dergisi, cilt 21, sayı 3, ss. 565-573, 2018. doi:10.2339/politeknik.389592
- A. Akkurt, "Comparison of roller burnishing and other methods of finishing treatment of the surface of openings in parts from tool steel D3 for cold forming," Metal science and heat treatment, vol. 53, no. 3-4, p. 145, 2011. doi:10.1007/s11041-011-9358-2
- M. El-Khabeery and M. El-Axir, "Experimental techniques for studying the effects of milling roller-burnishing parameters on surface integrity," International Journal of machine tools and manufacture, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 1705-1719, 2001. doi:10.1016/S0890-6955(01)00036-0
- A. Sagbas, "Analysis and optimization of surface roughness in the ball burnishing process using response surface methodology and desirabilty function," Advances in Engineering Software, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 992-998, 2011. doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2011.05.021
- V. J. Prasad, K. S. Joshi, V. V. Ramana, and R. Chiranjeevi, "Effect of roller burnishing on surface properties of wrought AA6063 aluminium alloys," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 8033-8040, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.488
- A. Hassan, "An investigation into the surface characteristics of burnished cast Al Cu alloys," International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 813-821, 1997, doi:10.1016/S0890-6955(96)00058-2
- M. Korzynski, "Modeling and experimental validation of the force–surface roughness relation for smoothing burnishing with a spherical tool," International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 47, no. 12-13, pp. 1956-1964, 2007. doi:10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2007.03.002
- M. Okada, S. Suenobu, K. Watanabe, Y. Yamashita, and N. Asakawa, "Development and burnishing characteristics of roller burnishing method with rolling and sliding effects," Mechatronics, vol. 29, pp. 110-118, 2015. doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2014.11.002
- J. G. Patel and Y. VAGHELA, "To Study and Optimize the Process Parameter Throw Roller Burnishing Process on EN19 Material by Response Surface Methodology," International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD), vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 21-30, 2016
- X. Yuan, Y. Sun, L. Gao, and S. Jiang, "Effect of roller burnishing process parameters on the surface roughness and microhardness for TA2 alloy," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 85, pp. 1373-1383, 2016. doi:10.1007/s00170-015-8031-0
- S. Khalilpourazary and J. Salehi, "How alumina nanoparticles impact surface characteristics of Al7175 in roller burnishing process," Journal of Manufacturing Processes, vol. 39, pp. 1-11, 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.01.027
- G. Rotella, S. Rinaldi, and L. Filice, "Roller burnishing of Ti6Al4V under different cooling/lubrication conditions and tool design: effects on surface integrity," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 106, pp. 431-440, 2020. doi:10.1007/s00170-019-04631-z
- I. O. Tugay, A. Hosseinzadeh, and G. G. Yapici, "Hardness and wear resistance of roller burnished 316L stainless steel," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 47, pp. 2405-2409, 2021. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.363
- T. Cobanoglu and S. Ozturk, "Effect of burnishing parameters on the surface quality and hardness," Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, vol. 229, no. 2, pp. 286-294, 2015. doi:10.1177/09544054145279
- N. Loh and S. Tam, "Effects of ball burnishing parameters on surface finish—a literature survey and discussion," Precision Engineering, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 215-220, 1988. doi:10.1016/0141-6359(88)90056-6
- K.-H. Zum Gahr, Microstructure and wear of materials. Elsevier, 1987.
Effect of Burnishing Process on the Surface Properties of Drilled AISI 1050 and D2 Cold Work Tool Steel Materials
Öz
The burnishing method is more preferred when compared to other finishing processes due to its practical application and improvement on the properties of materials such as hardness, roughness, abrasion resistance, clear geometric tolerance, better surface quality. In the study; AISI 1050 Medium Carbon Steel (accepted as the reference material for carbon steels) and D2 Cold Work Tool Steel, which are known to be preferred interchangeably in some applications in the machinery manufacturing industry, were preferred. The test specimens were prepared by applying the burnishing process after drilling a Ø20 mm hole into the cylindrical materials with dimensions of Ø50X30mm. For the turning process, the cutting speed was selected as 60 m/min and the feed rate as 0.25 mm/rev. The burnishing process was applied in a single pass. The properties such as microhardness, surface morphology, circularity, cylindricality and surface roughness of the materials by the burnishing process were examined in detail. After burnishing processes the hardness of AISI 1050 medium carbon steel and D2 cold work tool steel materials increased by 26 % and 14%, and reached approximately 292 and 302 HV, respectively. It is seen that the hardness value of AISI 1050 steel increased proportionally more than the hardness value of D2 steel. It was observed that the surface roughness values of the burnished samples decreased significantly for both AISI 1050 and D2 materials. After the burnishing process, it was also seen that the roughness value of AISI 1050 steel was lower than the roughness value of D2 steel and the better surface quality was obtained for AISI 1050 steel. It was determined that the circularity and cylindrical properties of the hole surfaces were improved. The obtained results show that the burnishing process will increase the efficiency of the machine elements working in contact and the damage that may occur during the operation of these machine elements can be minimized by burnishing process.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Burnishing process AISI 1050 surface roughness microstructure microhardness circularity cylindricality
Kaynakça
- O. Bataineh, "Effect of roller burnishing on the surface roughness and hardness of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy using ANOVA," International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Research, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 565-569, 2019. doi:18178/ijmerr.8.4.565-569
- T.-T. Nguyen and X.-B. Le, "Optimization of interior roller burnishing process for improving surface quality," Materials and Manufacturing Processes, vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 1233-1241, 2018. doi:10.1080/10426914.2018.1453159
- T. Zhang, N. Bugtai, and I. D. Marinescu, "Burnishing of aerospace alloy: a theoretical–experimental approach," Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 37, pp. 472-478, 2015. doi:10.1016/j.jmsy.2014.11.004
- G. Duncheva, J. Maximov, A. Anchev, V. Dunchev, T. Atanasov, and J. Capek, "Finite element and experimental study of the residual stresses in 2024-T3 Al alloy treated via single toroidal roller burnishing," Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, vol. 43, pp. 1-11, 2021. doi:10.1007/s40430-020-02775-8
- T. Mohamed, H. Hamid, A. Salah, and B. Salim, "Effect of roller burnishing parameters on roughness surface and hardness of unalloyed S 355 J0 steel by using response surface methodology," Manufacturing Technology, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 602-610, 2017.
- H. Koçak, "Al 6013 ve MS 58 malzemelere delik içi ezerek parlatma işlemi uygulanmasıyla yüzeysel özelliklerin iyileştirilmesi," Gazi University Journal of Science Part C: Design and Technology, cilt 8, sayı 4, ss. 972-980, 2020. doi: 10.29109/gujsc.821576
- A. M. Hassan and A. S. Al-Bsharat, "Influence of burnishing process on surface roughness, hardness, and microstructure of some non-ferrous metals," Wear, vol. 199, no. 1, pp. 1-8, 1996. doi:10.1016/0043-1648(95)06847-3
- A. Akkurt ve İ. Ovali, "Ezme ve Geleneksel Bitirme İşlemlerinin Al 6061 Alüminyum Alaşımı Parçaların Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Daireselliği Üzerine Etkisi," Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, cilt 15, sayı 3, 2009.
- E. Malyer, "Ezerek parlatma yapılan AA7075-T6 alüminyum alaşımında meydana gelen kalıntı gerilmelerin incelenmesi," Politeknik Dergisi, cilt 21, sayı 3, ss. 565-573, 2018. doi:10.2339/politeknik.389592
- A. Akkurt, "Comparison of roller burnishing and other methods of finishing treatment of the surface of openings in parts from tool steel D3 for cold forming," Metal science and heat treatment, vol. 53, no. 3-4, p. 145, 2011. doi:10.1007/s11041-011-9358-2
- M. El-Khabeery and M. El-Axir, "Experimental techniques for studying the effects of milling roller-burnishing parameters on surface integrity," International Journal of machine tools and manufacture, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 1705-1719, 2001. doi:10.1016/S0890-6955(01)00036-0
- A. Sagbas, "Analysis and optimization of surface roughness in the ball burnishing process using response surface methodology and desirabilty function," Advances in Engineering Software, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 992-998, 2011. doi:10.1016/j.advengsoft.2011.05.021
- V. J. Prasad, K. S. Joshi, V. V. Ramana, and R. Chiranjeevi, "Effect of roller burnishing on surface properties of wrought AA6063 aluminium alloys," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 8033-8040, 2018. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.488
- A. Hassan, "An investigation into the surface characteristics of burnished cast Al Cu alloys," International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 813-821, 1997, doi:10.1016/S0890-6955(96)00058-2
- M. Korzynski, "Modeling and experimental validation of the force–surface roughness relation for smoothing burnishing with a spherical tool," International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 47, no. 12-13, pp. 1956-1964, 2007. doi:10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2007.03.002
- M. Okada, S. Suenobu, K. Watanabe, Y. Yamashita, and N. Asakawa, "Development and burnishing characteristics of roller burnishing method with rolling and sliding effects," Mechatronics, vol. 29, pp. 110-118, 2015. doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2014.11.002
- J. G. Patel and Y. VAGHELA, "To Study and Optimize the Process Parameter Throw Roller Burnishing Process on EN19 Material by Response Surface Methodology," International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD), vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 21-30, 2016
- X. Yuan, Y. Sun, L. Gao, and S. Jiang, "Effect of roller burnishing process parameters on the surface roughness and microhardness for TA2 alloy," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 85, pp. 1373-1383, 2016. doi:10.1007/s00170-015-8031-0
- S. Khalilpourazary and J. Salehi, "How alumina nanoparticles impact surface characteristics of Al7175 in roller burnishing process," Journal of Manufacturing Processes, vol. 39, pp. 1-11, 2019. doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2019.01.027
- G. Rotella, S. Rinaldi, and L. Filice, "Roller burnishing of Ti6Al4V under different cooling/lubrication conditions and tool design: effects on surface integrity," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 106, pp. 431-440, 2020. doi:10.1007/s00170-019-04631-z
- I. O. Tugay, A. Hosseinzadeh, and G. G. Yapici, "Hardness and wear resistance of roller burnished 316L stainless steel," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 47, pp. 2405-2409, 2021. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.363
- T. Cobanoglu and S. Ozturk, "Effect of burnishing parameters on the surface quality and hardness," Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, vol. 229, no. 2, pp. 286-294, 2015. doi:10.1177/09544054145279
- N. Loh and S. Tam, "Effects of ball burnishing parameters on surface finish—a literature survey and discussion," Precision Engineering, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 215-220, 1988. doi:10.1016/0141-6359(88)90056-6
- K.-H. Zum Gahr, Microstructure and wear of materials. Elsevier, 1987.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Makine Mühendisliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 2 Mart 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 21 Temmuz 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2 |
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