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Akıllı Telefon Kullanımının Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri: Genel Bir Bakış

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 266 - 275, 31.12.2022

Ali Ceylan

https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1152336

Öz

Teknolojik gelişmeler son yıllarda oldukça hızlı bir gelişim göstermektedir. Bu alanda en dikkat çekici gelişmeler de cep telefonlarında gerçekleşmiştir. Özellikle genç nesillerde kullanımı oldukça yaygın olmakla birlikte her yaştan kesimin kullandığı akıllı telefonlar yaşamın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Bireylerin yaşamlarında sağladığı yararlar ve kolaylıklar elbette göz ardı edilemez, ancak bilinçli kullanım sağlanmadığında bağımlılık gibi bir tehlikeye de zemin hazırlamaktadır. Aşırı kullanım alışkanlıkları nedeniyle kullanım sırasında edinilen postürün bireylerde oluşturacağı fiziksel problemler ile bağımlılık nedeniyle uyku kalitesinde bozulmalar meydana gelmekte, bireylerin yaşamları olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Aşırı akıllı telefon kullanımının neden olduğu düşünülen sosyal kaygı, anksiyete, depresyon, güvensizlik, telefonundan ayrılamama, yalnızlık ve izolasyon, nomofobi gibi psikolojik ve davranışsal sorunların yanı sıra yoğun akıllı telefon kullanımının öğrenme güçlüğü, bellek performansını ve karar verme becerisini olumsuz etkilemesi nedeniyle bireylerin hem iş hem de akademik performanslarında düşüş gözlemlenmektedir. Günümüzde akıllı telefon kullanımının çok küçük yaşlara kadar gerilediği düşünüldüğünde bireylerde akıllı telefon bağımlılığına karşı duyarlılık oluşturulması, bilinçli akıllı telefon kullanım tekniklerinin öğretilmesi ve bu bağlamda sağlık otoritelerinin, eğitim kurumlarının ve ebeveynlerin de bağımlılıkla mücadelede bir araya gelerek kapsamlı bir çalışma yapması önem arz etmektedir. Kullanıcılardaki bu bağımlılık riskinin ortadan kaldırılması ile akıllı telefon kullanımının neden olacağı fiziksel ve psikolojik problemlerde azalma, akademik performansta artış olacağı kanısındayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akademik performans akıllı telefon fiziksel aktivite kas-iskelet sistemi uyku ve psikoloji

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

Öneri ve tavsiyeleriniz için teşekkürler

Kaynakça

  • AlAbdulwahab, S. S., Kachanathu, S. J., & AlMotairi, M. S. (2017). Smartphone use addiction can cause neck disability. Musculoskeletal Care, 15(1), 10–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/msc.1170
  • Amra, B., Shahsavari, A., Shayan-Moghadam, R., Mirheli, O., Moradi-Khaniabadi, B., Bazukar, M., & Yadollahi-Farsani, A., Kelishadi, R. (2017). The association of sleep and late-night cell phone use among university students. Jornal de Pediatria, 93, 560–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped
  • Alaca, N. (2020). The impact of internet addiction on depression, physical activity level and trigger point sensitivity in Turkish university students. Journal of Back Musculoskelet Rehabilitation, 33, 623–630. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-171045
  • AlMarzooqi, M. A., Alhaj, O. A., Alrasheed, M. M., Helmy, M., Trabelsi, K., Ebrahim, A., Hattab, S., Jahrami, H. A., & Saad, H. B. (2022). Symptoms of nomophobia, psychological aspects, insomnia and physical activity: A cross-sectional study of esports players in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare, 10, 257. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020257
  • Batigun, A. D., & Hasta, D. (2010). Internet addiction: An evaluation in terms of loneliness and inter personal relationship styles. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 11(3), 213–219.
  • Bonney, R. A., & Corlett, E. N. (2002). Head posture and loading of the cervical spine. Appied Ergonomics, 33, 415–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-6870(02)00036-4
  • Boulos, M. N., Wheeler, S., Tavares, C., & Jones, R. (2011). How smartphones are changing the face of mobile and participatory healthcare: An overview with example from eCAALYX. Biomedical Engineering OnLine, 10-24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-10-24
  • Bragazzi, N. L., & Del Puente, G. (2014). A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 7, 155–160. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S41386
  • Cha, S. S., & Seo, B. K. (2018). Smartphone use and smartphone addiction in middle school students in Korea: Prevalence, social networking service, and game use. Health Psychology Open, 5(1), 2055102918755046. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055102918755046
  • Çetinkaya, F. Ö., & Şahbaz, R. P. (2020). Gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusunun kuşaklar üzerindeki tatil satın alma niyetlerine etkisi. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, Special Issue(4), 152-167. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2020.676
  • Dalbudak, E., Evren, C., Aldemir, S., Coşkun, K. S., Uğurlu, H., & Yıldırım F. G. (2013). Relationship of internet addiction severity with depression, anxiety, and alexithymia, temperament and character in university students. Cyberpsychology Behavior Social Networking, 16(4), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0390
  • Danby, S., Evaldsson, A. C., Melander, H., & Aarsand, P. (2018). Situated collaboration and problem solving in young children's digital gameplay. British Journal of Educational Technology, 49(5), 959-972. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12636
  • Demirci, K., Akgönül, M., & Akpinar, A. (2015). Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4, 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.010
  • Dol, K. S. (2016). Fatigue and pain related to internet usage among university students. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(4), 1233–1237. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1233
  • Gemmill, E. L., & Peterson, M. (2006). Technology use among college students: Implications for student affairs professionals. NASPA Journal, 43, 280–300. https://doi.org/10.2202/1949-6605.1640
  • Higuchi, S., Motohashi, Y., Liu, Y., & Maeda, A. (2005). Effects of playing a computer game using a bright display on presleep physiological variables, sleep latency, slow wave sleep and REM sleep. Journal of Sleep Research, 14(3), 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00463.x
  • Huang, Q., Li, Y., Huang, S., Qi, J., Shao, T., Chen, X., Liao, Z., Lin, S., Zhang, X., Cai Y., & Chen, H. (2020). Smartphone use and sleep quality in Chinese college students: A preliminary study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 352. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00352
  • Kim, K., Ryu, E., & Chon, M. Y. (2006). Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: A questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 43(2), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.02.005
  • Kim, Y. G, Kang, M. Y., Kim, W. J., Jang, H. Y., & Oh, J. S. (2013). Influence of the duration of smartphone usage on flexion angles of the cervical and lumbar spine and on reposition error in the cervical spine. Physical Therapy Korea, 20, 10-17. https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2013.20.1.010
  • Kim, S. E., Kim, J. W., & Jee, Y. S. (2015). Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity in Chinese international students in Korea. Journal of Behavioral Addiction, 4(3), 200–205. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.028
  • Kim J., & Lee K. (2022). The association between physical activity and smartphone addiction in korean adolescents: The 16th Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey, 2020. Healthcare (Basel), 10(4), 702. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040702
  • King, A. L. S., Valença, A. M., Silva, A. C. O., Baczynski, T., Carvalho, M. R., & Nardi, A. E. (2013). Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia? Computers in Human Behavior, 29(1), 140–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.025
  • Kline, C. (2013). Sleep quality. In M. D. Gellman, & J. R. Turner (Eds.), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine (1st ed., pp. 1811-1813). Springer.
  • Kwon, M., Lee, J. Y., Won, W. Y., Park, J. W., Min, J. A., Hahn, C., Gu X., Choi J. H., & Kim, D. J. (2013). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). PLoS One, 8(2), e56936. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056936
  • Lee, S., Lee, D., & Park, J. (2015a). Effect of the cervical flexion angle during smart phone use on muscle fatigue of the cervical erector spinae and upper trapezius. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27, 1847–1849. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.921
  • Lee, H. C., Hong, M. H., Oh, C. K., Shim, S. H., Jun, Y. J., Lee, S. B., Lee, K. K., Paik, K. C., Baek, H. S., & Lim, M. H. (2015b). SmartPhone addiction, depression/anxiety, and self-esteem with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Korean children. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Adolescant Psychiatry, 26, 159-164. https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2015.26.3.159
  • Lee, E. J., & Kim, H. S. (2018). Gender differences in smartphone addiction behaviors associated with parent–child bonding, parent– child communication, and parental mediation among Korean elementary school students. Journal of Addictions Nursing, 29(4), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000254
  • Lepp, A., Barkley, J. E., Sanders, G. J., Rebold, M., & Gates, P. (2013). The relationship between cell phone use, physical and sedentary activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in a sample of U.S. college students. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 21(10), 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-79
  • Ni, X., Yan, H., Chen, S., & Liu, Z. (2009). Factors influencing internet addiction in a sample of freshmen university students in China. Cyberpsychoogy and Behavior. 12(3), 327–330. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0321
  • Olson, J. A., Sandra, D. A., Colucci, E. S., Bikaii, A. A, Chmoulevitch, D., Nahas, J., Raz, A., & Veissiere, S. P. L. (2022). Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138
  • Ong, S. H., & Tan, Y. R. (2014). Internet addiction in young people. Annals of the Academy of Medicine of Singapore. 43, 378–382. https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.V43N7p378
  • Pereira, F. S., Bevilacqua, G. G., Coimbra, D. R., & Andrade, A. (2020). Impact of problematic smartphone use on mental health of adolescent students: Association with mood, symptoms of depression, and physical activity. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(9), 619–626. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0257
  • Peraman R., & Parasuraman, S. (2016). Mobile phone mania: Arising global threat in public health. Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 7(2), 198–200. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.184712
  • Pinto, A. D. A., Asante, K. O., Barbosa, R. M. D. S. P., Nahas, M. V., Dias, D. T., & Pelegrini, A. (2021). Association between loneliness, physical activity, and participation in physical education among adolescents in Amazonas, Brazil. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(5), 650–658. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319833741
  • Rathakrishnan, B., Bikar Singh, S. S., Kamaluddin, M. R., Yahaya, A., Mohd Nasir, M. A., Ibrahim, F., & Rahman, Z. A. (2021). Smartphone addiction and sleep quality on academic performance of university students: An exploratory research. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 8291. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168291
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Health Effects of Smartphone Use: An Overview

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 266 - 275, 31.12.2022

Ali Ceylan

https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1152336

Öz

Technological developments have been developing very rapidly in recent years. The most remarkable developments in this field have also been in mobile phones. Although its use is quite common especially among the younger generations, smartphones used by people of all ages have become an integral part of life. Of course, the benefits and conveniences provided by individuals in their lives cannot be ignored, but when conscious use is not provided, it also prepares the ground for a danger such as addiction. Due to the physical problems that the posture acquired during use due to excessive use habits and addiction, sleep quality deteriorates, and the lives of the individuals are adversely affected. In addition to psychological and behavioral problems such as social anxiety, anxiety, depression, insecurity, inability to leave the phone, loneliness and isolation, nomophobia which are thought to be caused by excessive smartphone use, individuals have both work and academic performance declines. Considering that the use of smartphones has regressed to a very young age, it is important to create awareness in individuals against smartphone addiction, to teach conscious smartphone use techniques, and in this context, it is important that health authorities, educational institutions and parents come together and conduct a comprehensive study in the fight against addiction. We believe that with the elimination of this addiction risk in users, physical and psychological problems caused by smartphone use will decrease and academic performance will increase.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Academic performance smartphone physical activity musculoskeletal system sleep and psychology

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

  • AlAbdulwahab, S. S., Kachanathu, S. J., & AlMotairi, M. S. (2017). Smartphone use addiction can cause neck disability. Musculoskeletal Care, 15(1), 10–12. https://doi.org/10.1002/msc.1170
  • Amra, B., Shahsavari, A., Shayan-Moghadam, R., Mirheli, O., Moradi-Khaniabadi, B., Bazukar, M., & Yadollahi-Farsani, A., Kelishadi, R. (2017). The association of sleep and late-night cell phone use among university students. Jornal de Pediatria, 93, 560–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped
  • Alaca, N. (2020). The impact of internet addiction on depression, physical activity level and trigger point sensitivity in Turkish university students. Journal of Back Musculoskelet Rehabilitation, 33, 623–630. https://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-171045
  • AlMarzooqi, M. A., Alhaj, O. A., Alrasheed, M. M., Helmy, M., Trabelsi, K., Ebrahim, A., Hattab, S., Jahrami, H. A., & Saad, H. B. (2022). Symptoms of nomophobia, psychological aspects, insomnia and physical activity: A cross-sectional study of esports players in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare, 10, 257. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020257
  • Batigun, A. D., & Hasta, D. (2010). Internet addiction: An evaluation in terms of loneliness and inter personal relationship styles. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 11(3), 213–219.
  • Bonney, R. A., & Corlett, E. N. (2002). Head posture and loading of the cervical spine. Appied Ergonomics, 33, 415–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-6870(02)00036-4
  • Boulos, M. N., Wheeler, S., Tavares, C., & Jones, R. (2011). How smartphones are changing the face of mobile and participatory healthcare: An overview with example from eCAALYX. Biomedical Engineering OnLine, 10-24. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-10-24
  • Bragazzi, N. L., & Del Puente, G. (2014). A proposal for including nomophobia in the new DSM-V. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 7, 155–160. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S41386
  • Cha, S. S., & Seo, B. K. (2018). Smartphone use and smartphone addiction in middle school students in Korea: Prevalence, social networking service, and game use. Health Psychology Open, 5(1), 2055102918755046. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055102918755046
  • Çetinkaya, F. Ö., & Şahbaz, R. P. (2020). Gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusunun kuşaklar üzerindeki tatil satın alma niyetlerine etkisi. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, Special Issue(4), 152-167. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2020.676
  • Dalbudak, E., Evren, C., Aldemir, S., Coşkun, K. S., Uğurlu, H., & Yıldırım F. G. (2013). Relationship of internet addiction severity with depression, anxiety, and alexithymia, temperament and character in university students. Cyberpsychology Behavior Social Networking, 16(4), 272–278. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2012.0390
  • Danby, S., Evaldsson, A. C., Melander, H., & Aarsand, P. (2018). Situated collaboration and problem solving in young children's digital gameplay. British Journal of Educational Technology, 49(5), 959-972. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.12636
  • Demirci, K., Akgönül, M., & Akpinar, A. (2015). Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4, 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.010
  • Dol, K. S. (2016). Fatigue and pain related to internet usage among university students. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 28(4), 1233–1237. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.1233
  • Gemmill, E. L., & Peterson, M. (2006). Technology use among college students: Implications for student affairs professionals. NASPA Journal, 43, 280–300. https://doi.org/10.2202/1949-6605.1640
  • Higuchi, S., Motohashi, Y., Liu, Y., & Maeda, A. (2005). Effects of playing a computer game using a bright display on presleep physiological variables, sleep latency, slow wave sleep and REM sleep. Journal of Sleep Research, 14(3), 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2005.00463.x
  • Huang, Q., Li, Y., Huang, S., Qi, J., Shao, T., Chen, X., Liao, Z., Lin, S., Zhang, X., Cai Y., & Chen, H. (2020). Smartphone use and sleep quality in Chinese college students: A preliminary study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 352. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00352
  • Kim, K., Ryu, E., & Chon, M. Y. (2006). Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: A questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 43(2), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.02.005
  • Kim, Y. G, Kang, M. Y., Kim, W. J., Jang, H. Y., & Oh, J. S. (2013). Influence of the duration of smartphone usage on flexion angles of the cervical and lumbar spine and on reposition error in the cervical spine. Physical Therapy Korea, 20, 10-17. https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2013.20.1.010
  • Kim, S. E., Kim, J. W., & Jee, Y. S. (2015). Relationship between smartphone addiction and physical activity in Chinese international students in Korea. Journal of Behavioral Addiction, 4(3), 200–205. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.028
  • Kim J., & Lee K. (2022). The association between physical activity and smartphone addiction in korean adolescents: The 16th Korea youth risk behavior web-based survey, 2020. Healthcare (Basel), 10(4), 702. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10040702
  • King, A. L. S., Valença, A. M., Silva, A. C. O., Baczynski, T., Carvalho, M. R., & Nardi, A. E. (2013). Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia? Computers in Human Behavior, 29(1), 140–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.07.025
  • Kline, C. (2013). Sleep quality. In M. D. Gellman, & J. R. Turner (Eds.), Encyclopedia of behavioral medicine (1st ed., pp. 1811-1813). Springer.
  • Kwon, M., Lee, J. Y., Won, W. Y., Park, J. W., Min, J. A., Hahn, C., Gu X., Choi J. H., & Kim, D. J. (2013). Development and validation of a smartphone addiction scale (SAS). PLoS One, 8(2), e56936. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056936
  • Lee, S., Lee, D., & Park, J. (2015a). Effect of the cervical flexion angle during smart phone use on muscle fatigue of the cervical erector spinae and upper trapezius. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27, 1847–1849. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.921
  • Lee, H. C., Hong, M. H., Oh, C. K., Shim, S. H., Jun, Y. J., Lee, S. B., Lee, K. K., Paik, K. C., Baek, H. S., & Lim, M. H. (2015b). SmartPhone addiction, depression/anxiety, and self-esteem with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Korean children. Journal of Korean Academy of Child Adolescant Psychiatry, 26, 159-164. https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2015.26.3.159
  • Lee, E. J., & Kim, H. S. (2018). Gender differences in smartphone addiction behaviors associated with parent–child bonding, parent– child communication, and parental mediation among Korean elementary school students. Journal of Addictions Nursing, 29(4), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000254
  • Lepp, A., Barkley, J. E., Sanders, G. J., Rebold, M., & Gates, P. (2013). The relationship between cell phone use, physical and sedentary activity, and cardiorespiratory fitness in a sample of U.S. college students. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 21(10), 79. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-79
  • Ni, X., Yan, H., Chen, S., & Liu, Z. (2009). Factors influencing internet addiction in a sample of freshmen university students in China. Cyberpsychoogy and Behavior. 12(3), 327–330. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2008.0321
  • Olson, J. A., Sandra, D. A., Colucci, E. S., Bikaii, A. A, Chmoulevitch, D., Nahas, J., Raz, A., & Veissiere, S. P. L. (2022). Smartphone addiction is increasing across the world: A meta-analysis of 24 countries. Computers in Human Behavior, 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107138
  • Ong, S. H., & Tan, Y. R. (2014). Internet addiction in young people. Annals of the Academy of Medicine of Singapore. 43, 378–382. https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.V43N7p378
  • Pereira, F. S., Bevilacqua, G. G., Coimbra, D. R., & Andrade, A. (2020). Impact of problematic smartphone use on mental health of adolescent students: Association with mood, symptoms of depression, and physical activity. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 23(9), 619–626. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2019.0257
  • Peraman R., & Parasuraman, S. (2016). Mobile phone mania: Arising global threat in public health. Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 7(2), 198–200. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.184712
  • Pinto, A. D. A., Asante, K. O., Barbosa, R. M. D. S. P., Nahas, M. V., Dias, D. T., & Pelegrini, A. (2021). Association between loneliness, physical activity, and participation in physical education among adolescents in Amazonas, Brazil. Journal of Health Psychology, 26(5), 650–658. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319833741
  • Rathakrishnan, B., Bikar Singh, S. S., Kamaluddin, M. R., Yahaya, A., Mohd Nasir, M. A., Ibrahim, F., & Rahman, Z. A. (2021). Smartphone addiction and sleep quality on academic performance of university students: An exploratory research. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(6), 8291. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168291
  • Rosen, L. D., Mark Carrier, L., & Cheever, N. A. (2013). Facebook and texting made me do it: Media-induced task-switching while studying. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3), 948–958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.12.001
  • Rosenberg, D. E., Norman, G. J., Wagner, N., Patrick, K., Calfas, K. J., & Sallis, J. F. (2010). Reliability and validity of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) for adults. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 7(6), 697-705. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.7.6.697
  • Shah, P. P., & Sheth. M. M. (2018). Correlation of smartphone use addiction with text neck syndrome and sms thumb in physiotherapy students. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 5(6), 2512–2515. https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20182187
  • Sharan, D., Mohandoss, M., Ranganathan, R., & Jose, J. (2014). Musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremities due to extensive usage of hand held devices. Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 26, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40557-014-0022-3
  • Shochat, T., Flint-Bretler, O., & Tzischinsky, O. (2010). Sleep patterns, electronic media exposure and daytime sleep-related behaviours among Israeli adolescents. Acta Paediatrica, 99(9), 1396–1400. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01821.x
  • Soni, R., Upadhyay, R., & Jain, M. (2017). Prevalence of smartphone addiction, sleep quality and associated behaviour problems in university students. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 5, 515–519. https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170142
  • Wagner, U., Gais, S., Haider, H., Verleger, R., & Born, J. (2004). Sleep inspires insight. Nature, 427, 352–355. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02223
  • Wang, P., Chen, K., Yang, S., & Lin, P. (2019). Relationship of sleep quality, smartphone dependence, and health-related behaviors in female junior college students. PLoS ONE, 14, e0214769. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214769
  • Xu, P., Chen J. S., Chang, Y. L., Wang, X., Jiang, X., Griffiths, M. D., Pakpour, A., & Lin, C. Y. (2022). Gender differences in the associations between physical activity, smartphone use, and weight stigma. Front. Public Health, 10, 862829. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.862829
  • Tsai, C. C., & Lin, S. S. (2003). Internet addiction of adolescents in Taiwan: An interview study. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 6(6), 649-652. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493103322725432
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ali Ceylan 0000-0001-7440-6714

Proje Numarası yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ceylan, A. (2022). Akıllı Telefon Kullanımının Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri: Genel Bir Bakış. Ankara Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 266-275. https://doi.org/10.46971/ausbid.1152336
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