Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Radyoterapide Kullanılan Yeni Tasarlanmış Koruyucu Blokların Gama Işını Geçirgenliklerinin Monte Carlo Simülasyonu

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 364 - 377, 29.12.2020

Abstract

Radyoterapi, günümüzde en yaygın hastalık olan kanserin en önemli tedavi yöntemlerinden biridir. Radyoterapi sırasında ışınlanan alan içindeki kritik organların ve sağlıklı dokuların korunması esastır. Bu nedenle her hastaya özel olarak yapılan Cerrobend blok (lipowitz alaşımı) hastanelerde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Klinik uygulamada, Cerrobend bloklar için kabul edilen gama ışını geçirgenlik seviyesi % 5'ten azdır. Bu çalışmada, GEANT4 tabanlı GATE simülasyon programı modellenerek, standart Cerrobend bloğunun gama ışını aktarımları farklı sayılarda saf kurşun bilyelerin ilave edilmesiyle oluşturulan yeni tasarlanmış Cerrobend blokların gama radyasyonu geçirgenlikleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. 2010 yılında Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Onkoloji Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde, çeşitli radyasyon alan boyutları için Alcyon II model Co-60 teleterapi cihazı ile Farmer tipi 0,6 cc iyon odası, PTW Unidos Dozimetre ve katı fantom kullanılarak deneysel ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yeni tasarlanan Cerrobend blokların gama ışını geçirgenliği standart bloktan daha az olarak bulunmuştur, böylelikle hasta için kritik organların daha iyi korunması sağlanmış olacaktır. GEANT4 tabanlı GATE simülasyon programı ile elde edilen doz değerleri, deneysel olarak ölçülen radyasyon doz değerleri ile tutarlı olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, XCOM yazılımından teorik olarak elde edilen doğrusal sönüm katsayısı, deney ve simülasyonla elde edilen sonuçlarla da uyumlu olarak bulunmuştur.

References

  • Chang, S., Zhang, Y., Dong, Y., Zhang, H., and Dai, Y. 2012. “A novel cerrobend block in the radiation therapy” Sci China Technological Sciences, 55(1) :22–27.
  • Matjaž, J. and Vlado, R., 2004.“Multileaf collimator in radiotherapy”, Radiol. Oncol 3(3):235-40.
  • Farajollahi, A.R., Bouzarjomehri, F., and Kiani, M., 2015. ”Comparison between Clinically Used Irregular Fields Shielded by Cerrobend and Standard Lead Blocks” J. Biomed Phys. Eng. 5(2):77-82.
  • Taherkhani, A., Mohammadi, M., Saboori, M.S., and Changizi, V., 2010.“Evaluation of the physical characteristic of Cerrobend blocks used for radiation therapy”, Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 8(2):93-101.
  • Borhan, T., Youssef E., and Chedly, S., 2017. “Investigation on radiation shielding parameters of cerrobend alloys” Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 49:1758-1777.
  • Fadime, A., Murat, B., Tamer, O.G., and Gönül, K., 2000. “The effects of shielding blocks on dosimetry during cobalt teletherapy on irregular thorax and mediasten areas”. Ankara University Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 53(2):113-119.
  • Davis, J.B., and Reiner, B.,1995. “Depth dose under narrow shielding blocks: a comparison of measured and calculated dose.” Radiotherapy and Oncology 34:219-227.
  • Christina, D.V., Marco, M., Alessia, T., Gianluca, V.R., Paolo, B., Maria, D.F., Antonio, S.G., and Maria, P. 2015. “Comparison between small radiation therapy electron beams collimated by Cerrobend and tubular applicators”, Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 16(1):329-334.
  • Wojcicka, J.B., Rafael, Y., Baary, L.W., and Donette, E.L., 2008.”Technical Note: On Cerrobend shielding for 18-22 MV electron beams.” Medical Physics, 35(10):4625-4629.
  • Sarrut, D., Manuel, B., Boussion, N., Freud, N., Sébastien, J., Jean-Michel, L., George, L., Lydia, M., Sara, M., Thibault, M., Panagiotis, P., Yann, P., Uwe, P., Charlotte, R., Dennis, R.S., Dimitris, V., and Irène, B., 2014. “A review of the use and potential of the GATE Monte Carlo simulation code for radiation therapy and dosimetry applications”, Medical Physics, 41(6):1-14.
  • Alex, C.H.O., Jose, W.V.,Marcelo, G.S., and Fenando, R.A.L., 2013. “Monte Carlo Simulation of a Medical Linear Accelerator for Generation of Phase Spaces”, International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC.
  • Ana, P.P., Lucio, P.N., José, M.F.V., Ludwig, B., and Linda, V.E.C., 2013. “Evaluation and Simulation of a New Ionization Chamber Design for use in Computed Tomography Beams” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 60(2):768-773.
  • Reda, S.M., 2016. “Gamma ray shielding by a new combination of aluminium, iron, copper and lead using MCNP5”, Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and Applications, 94(4):211-217.
  • Tekin, H.O., Ergüzel, T.T., Sayyed, M.I., Singh, V.P., Manıcı, T., Altunsoy, E.E., and Agar, O., 2018. “An investigation on shielding properties of different granite samples using MCNPX Ccode”, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, 13(2) :381-389.
  • Tekin, H.O., and Manici, T., 2017. “Simulations of mass attenuation coefficients for shielding materials using the MCNP-X code”, Nucl. Sci. Tech. 28(95):1-4.
  • URL-1 Open Gate Collaboration “Users Guide V8.0 From Wiki OpenGATE”. http://www.opengatecollaboration.org/sites/default/files/GATE-UsersGuideV8.0.pdf. 5 May 2018.
  • Kasarachi, A., 2015. ”Radiation dose study in nuclear medicine using gate.” Master Thesis, The University of Arizona.
  • Daniel, R.M., 2018. “Gamma-ray attenuation properties of common shielding materials.” PhD Thesis, PG Research Foundation, Inc. 1955 University Lane Lisle, IL 60532, USA.
  • Seenappa, L., Manjunatha, H.C., Chandrika, B.M., and Chikka, H., 2017. “A Study of Shielding Properties of X-ray and Gamma in Barium Compounds” Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 42(1):26-32.
  • Mostafa, A.M.A., Shams, A.M.I., and Sayyed M.I., 2017. “Gamma-ray shielding properties of PbO-B2O3 -P2O5 doped with WO3 ” Elsevier Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 708:294-300.
  • Nergiz, Y.Y, 2019. “Gamma-ray Shielding Properties of Lithium Borate Glass Doped with Colemanit Mineral” BEU Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 8(3):762-771.
  • Erk, İ., Altinsoy, N., Karaaslan, Ş.İ., and Bora, A., 2016. “Determination of Photon Mass Attenuation Coefficient for Some Phantom Materials using GATE Code and Comparison with Experimental and XCOM Data” International Journal of Nuclear and Radiation Science and Technology, 1(2):11-13.
  • Tarım, U.A., and Gürler, O., 2018. “Application of Monte Carlo Method for Gamma-ray Attenuation Properties of Lead Zinc Borate Glasses”. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 22(6):1848-1852.
  • Ozyurt, O., Altinsoy, N., Karaaslan, Ş.İ., Bora, A., Büyük, B., and Erk, İ., 2018. “Calculation of gamma-ray attenuation coefficient of some granite samples using a Monte Carlo simulation code.” Radiation Physics and Chemistry 144:271-275.
  • Yavuzkanat, N., 2010. “The Comparison of Gamma-Rays Transmissions of Shielding Blocks with Lead Marbles and Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy.” Master Thesis, Ankara University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Joshi, C.P., Darko, J., Vidyasagar, P.B., and Schreiner, L.J., 2008. “Investigation of an efficient source design for Cobalt-60-based tomotherapy using EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulations.”IOP Publishing, Phys. Med. Biol. 53:575–592.
  • Han, K., Ballon, D., Chui, C., and Mohan, R., 1987. “Monte Carlo simulation of a cobalt60 beam.” Technical reports Medical Physics 14(3):414-419.
  • Technical Specifications of External Beam Gamma Teletherapy System. Best Theratronics.
  • Joao, S., and Frank, V., 2013. ”Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy.” Imaging in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
  • Simon, R.C., Sorenson, J.A., Michael, E.P., 1980-2012. “Physics in Nuclear Medicine”, Fourth Edition, Saunders, An imprint of Elsevier Inc.
  • Khan, F.M., 2003.”The Physics of Radiation Therapy”, A Wolters Kluwer Company,(3) 154, 160-162, 273-276, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy

Year 2020, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 364 - 377, 29.12.2020

Abstract

Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment methods of cancer, which is the worldwide disease nowa-days. It is essential to protect the critical organs and healthy tissue inside the radiated area during the radiotherapy. For this reason, Cerrobend block (lipowitz alloy), which is made specifically for each patient, are commonly used in the hospitals. In the clinical application, the acceptable level of the gamma-ray transmission for Cerrobend blocks must be less than 5%. In this research, GEANT4 based GATE simulation program modelled to compare between gamma-ray transmissions of the standard Cerrobend block and newly designed Cerrobend blocks formed by adding the various number of the pure lead marbles. Experimental measurements were carried out with Alcyon II model Co-60 teletherapy machine for various field sizes by using Farmer type 0,6 cc ion chamber, PTW Unidos Dosimeter and solid phantom in Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital in 2010. The gamma-ray transmission of the newly designed Cerrobend block was found less than the standard block, therefore the protection of the critical organs for the patient could be better. The dose acquired by GEANT4 based GATE simulation program is consistent in experimentally measured radiation dose. Furthermore, the values of the linear attenuation coefficient theoretically obtained from XCOM software agree with the values acquired by experiment and simulation.

References

  • Chang, S., Zhang, Y., Dong, Y., Zhang, H., and Dai, Y. 2012. “A novel cerrobend block in the radiation therapy” Sci China Technological Sciences, 55(1) :22–27.
  • Matjaž, J. and Vlado, R., 2004.“Multileaf collimator in radiotherapy”, Radiol. Oncol 3(3):235-40.
  • Farajollahi, A.R., Bouzarjomehri, F., and Kiani, M., 2015. ”Comparison between Clinically Used Irregular Fields Shielded by Cerrobend and Standard Lead Blocks” J. Biomed Phys. Eng. 5(2):77-82.
  • Taherkhani, A., Mohammadi, M., Saboori, M.S., and Changizi, V., 2010.“Evaluation of the physical characteristic of Cerrobend blocks used for radiation therapy”, Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 8(2):93-101.
  • Borhan, T., Youssef E., and Chedly, S., 2017. “Investigation on radiation shielding parameters of cerrobend alloys” Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 49:1758-1777.
  • Fadime, A., Murat, B., Tamer, O.G., and Gönül, K., 2000. “The effects of shielding blocks on dosimetry during cobalt teletherapy on irregular thorax and mediasten areas”. Ankara University Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası, 53(2):113-119.
  • Davis, J.B., and Reiner, B.,1995. “Depth dose under narrow shielding blocks: a comparison of measured and calculated dose.” Radiotherapy and Oncology 34:219-227.
  • Christina, D.V., Marco, M., Alessia, T., Gianluca, V.R., Paolo, B., Maria, D.F., Antonio, S.G., and Maria, P. 2015. “Comparison between small radiation therapy electron beams collimated by Cerrobend and tubular applicators”, Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 16(1):329-334.
  • Wojcicka, J.B., Rafael, Y., Baary, L.W., and Donette, E.L., 2008.”Technical Note: On Cerrobend shielding for 18-22 MV electron beams.” Medical Physics, 35(10):4625-4629.
  • Sarrut, D., Manuel, B., Boussion, N., Freud, N., Sébastien, J., Jean-Michel, L., George, L., Lydia, M., Sara, M., Thibault, M., Panagiotis, P., Yann, P., Uwe, P., Charlotte, R., Dennis, R.S., Dimitris, V., and Irène, B., 2014. “A review of the use and potential of the GATE Monte Carlo simulation code for radiation therapy and dosimetry applications”, Medical Physics, 41(6):1-14.
  • Alex, C.H.O., Jose, W.V.,Marcelo, G.S., and Fenando, R.A.L., 2013. “Monte Carlo Simulation of a Medical Linear Accelerator for Generation of Phase Spaces”, International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC.
  • Ana, P.P., Lucio, P.N., José, M.F.V., Ludwig, B., and Linda, V.E.C., 2013. “Evaluation and Simulation of a New Ionization Chamber Design for use in Computed Tomography Beams” IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 60(2):768-773.
  • Reda, S.M., 2016. “Gamma ray shielding by a new combination of aluminium, iron, copper and lead using MCNP5”, Arab Journal of Nuclear Science and Applications, 94(4):211-217.
  • Tekin, H.O., Ergüzel, T.T., Sayyed, M.I., Singh, V.P., Manıcı, T., Altunsoy, E.E., and Agar, O., 2018. “An investigation on shielding properties of different granite samples using MCNPX Ccode”, Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, 13(2) :381-389.
  • Tekin, H.O., and Manici, T., 2017. “Simulations of mass attenuation coefficients for shielding materials using the MCNP-X code”, Nucl. Sci. Tech. 28(95):1-4.
  • URL-1 Open Gate Collaboration “Users Guide V8.0 From Wiki OpenGATE”. http://www.opengatecollaboration.org/sites/default/files/GATE-UsersGuideV8.0.pdf. 5 May 2018.
  • Kasarachi, A., 2015. ”Radiation dose study in nuclear medicine using gate.” Master Thesis, The University of Arizona.
  • Daniel, R.M., 2018. “Gamma-ray attenuation properties of common shielding materials.” PhD Thesis, PG Research Foundation, Inc. 1955 University Lane Lisle, IL 60532, USA.
  • Seenappa, L., Manjunatha, H.C., Chandrika, B.M., and Chikka, H., 2017. “A Study of Shielding Properties of X-ray and Gamma in Barium Compounds” Journal of Radiation Protection and Research, 42(1):26-32.
  • Mostafa, A.M.A., Shams, A.M.I., and Sayyed M.I., 2017. “Gamma-ray shielding properties of PbO-B2O3 -P2O5 doped with WO3 ” Elsevier Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 708:294-300.
  • Nergiz, Y.Y, 2019. “Gamma-ray Shielding Properties of Lithium Borate Glass Doped with Colemanit Mineral” BEU Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 8(3):762-771.
  • Erk, İ., Altinsoy, N., Karaaslan, Ş.İ., and Bora, A., 2016. “Determination of Photon Mass Attenuation Coefficient for Some Phantom Materials using GATE Code and Comparison with Experimental and XCOM Data” International Journal of Nuclear and Radiation Science and Technology, 1(2):11-13.
  • Tarım, U.A., and Gürler, O., 2018. “Application of Monte Carlo Method for Gamma-ray Attenuation Properties of Lead Zinc Borate Glasses”. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 22(6):1848-1852.
  • Ozyurt, O., Altinsoy, N., Karaaslan, Ş.İ., Bora, A., Büyük, B., and Erk, İ., 2018. “Calculation of gamma-ray attenuation coefficient of some granite samples using a Monte Carlo simulation code.” Radiation Physics and Chemistry 144:271-275.
  • Yavuzkanat, N., 2010. “The Comparison of Gamma-Rays Transmissions of Shielding Blocks with Lead Marbles and Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy.” Master Thesis, Ankara University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Joshi, C.P., Darko, J., Vidyasagar, P.B., and Schreiner, L.J., 2008. “Investigation of an efficient source design for Cobalt-60-based tomotherapy using EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulations.”IOP Publishing, Phys. Med. Biol. 53:575–592.
  • Han, K., Ballon, D., Chui, C., and Mohan, R., 1987. “Monte Carlo simulation of a cobalt60 beam.” Technical reports Medical Physics 14(3):414-419.
  • Technical Specifications of External Beam Gamma Teletherapy System. Best Theratronics.
  • Joao, S., and Frank, V., 2013. ”Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy.” Imaging in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
  • Simon, R.C., Sorenson, J.A., Michael, E.P., 1980-2012. “Physics in Nuclear Medicine”, Fourth Edition, Saunders, An imprint of Elsevier Inc.
  • Khan, F.M., 2003.”The Physics of Radiation Therapy”, A Wolters Kluwer Company,(3) 154, 160-162, 273-276, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Nuray Yavuzkanat 0000-0001-5055-9185

Hazal Burcu Saraç Kürem This is me 0000-0002-1952-7369

Early Pub Date June 10, 2022
Publication Date December 29, 2020
Acceptance Date December 8, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Yavuzkanat, N., & Saraç Kürem, H. B. (2020). Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 6(2), 364-377.
AMA Yavuzkanat N, Saraç Kürem HB. Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. December 2020;6(2):364-377.
Chicago Yavuzkanat, Nuray, and Hazal Burcu Saraç Kürem. “Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the Newly Designed Shielding Blocks Used in Radiotherapy”. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6, no. 2 (December 2020): 364-77.
EndNote Yavuzkanat N, Saraç Kürem HB (December 1, 2020) Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6 2 364–377.
IEEE N. Yavuzkanat and H. B. Saraç Kürem, “Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy”, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 364–377, 2020.
ISNAD Yavuzkanat, Nuray - Saraç Kürem, Hazal Burcu. “Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the Newly Designed Shielding Blocks Used in Radiotherapy”. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 6/2 (December 2020), 364-377.
JAMA Yavuzkanat N, Saraç Kürem HB. Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2020;6:364–377.
MLA Yavuzkanat, Nuray and Hazal Burcu Saraç Kürem. “Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the Newly Designed Shielding Blocks Used in Radiotherapy”. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, 2020, pp. 364-77.
Vancouver Yavuzkanat N, Saraç Kürem HB. Monte Carlo Simulation of the Gamma-Ray Transmissions for the newly Designed Shielding Blocks used in Radiotherapy. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2020;6(2):364-77.

 14421         download